Master data:
Master
data is the collection of data related to all the elements of an organization
that contribute in the organizational structure. Therefore, it serves as a
central data store from where all the modules of a SAP system can access
relevant information. Master data plays a vital role for all the transaction
performed in the SD module.
It is
the data which is stored centrally and used in day to day transactions where
ever it is required.
On the basis of the source of data in the SAP system ,
master data can be further categorized in to the following subcategories:
·
Customer
master data
·
Material
master data
·
Condition
master data
·
Customer-
material master data
1.
Customer
master data:
The
customer master record is the basis for all sales transactions as well as
deliveries and payments. Customers master records can represent different
entities based on the role they play in the transaction. Customer master data
ia a collection of records related to a customer, sales area, and other
transaction related units. The data related to all the customers, including
intercompany customers and one-time customers, must be stored in customer
master record
The structure
of master data in the customer master record is comprised of these three areas:
(A)
General data
(B)
Company code data
(C)
Sales area data
(A)
General
data:
General data represents a set of
data independent of any organizational units of the SAP system. It contains
data related to address, control, payment transactions, marketing, uploading
points, exports, and contact persons. This data is only identified by the
customer number, and is not specific to the company code or sales area.
Maintaining the data is possible from both the company code view and the sales
and distribution view.
(B)
Company
code data :
It Represents a set
of the data used by the accounting department of an organization. It consists
of the data related to account management , payment transaction correspondence,
and insurance. This data is mostly of interest to the accounting department. It
includes, for eg, information on the reconciliation account and dunning
procedures and withholding tax. This data applies to only one company
code.
(c) Sales area
data:
It Represent a set of data related
to the SD module of the SAP system. It consists of data related to orders,
shipping billing, and partner functions. This data is only interest for the
sales and distribution area. It includes, for example, data on pricing or
shipping. This data only applies to one sales area, and therefore is dependent
on the sales structure.
2.
Material
master data:
Material master data
contains all the records related to the products/material and services offered
by the organization. Material master data, similar to customer master data, is
retrieved and processed from various sources. Material master data can be group
in to the following categories.
The material master data is used by the system to
represent the product or service your company is selling or producing. It is compiled
in much the same way as the customer master record using multiple views to represent
the same material with in the different areas of the business.
Basic
data:
It represents a
collection of data related to the MM module of the SAP system.
Sales
and Distribution data:
It represents a
collection of data related to the SD module of the SAP system
Purchasing
data:
It represents a
collection of data related to the MM module of the SAP system
Accounting
data:
It represents a
collection of data related to the FI module of the SAP system
Costing
data:
It represents a
collection of data related used for cost determination in the SAP system
Where
house Management:
It represents a
collection of data used for ware house management
3.
Condition
Master data:
Condition master
data is determined based on the business logic or configuration setting. For
example the data related to pricing is determined on the basis of the pricing
of the pricing condition retrieved through the access sequence. Condition
master data is determined by using different condition techniques.
This master consist of the price details of the
products
4.
Customer-Material
Info record:
Customer –material info data
represents the data related to the material and customer who buys that material.
When customers buy material, they may have their own specification of the
materials. This specification of the material can be stored in the
customer-material data. When a sales order is created, the default material
data is copied from the customer- material info data, if available otherwise,
the material data for the sales area is used by the SAP system.
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